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1673 |
Illinois was first explored by
the French. The Native Indians of Illinois were the
Illinois tribe (Illini), Iroquois, Chippewa, Ottawa,
and Potawatomi, Kickapoo, Kaskaskia, Miami, Shawnee,
Sauk and Fox tribes.
French explorers Jacques Marquette (1637-1675) and
Louis Jolliet (1645-1700) reach Illinois in 1673
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1680 |
French explorer René Robert
Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle (1643-1687) and Henry de
Tonty (1650-1704) build Fort Crèvecoeur
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1696 |
The Jesuit priest Pierre
François Pinet (1660-1704) establishes the Guardian
Angel mission in present-day Chicago |
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1717 |
Illinois becomes part of the
French colony of Louisiana |
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1718 |
John Law (1671-1729) is
granted a French charter for colonizing the
Mississippi Valley |
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1756 |
1756 - 1763 - The Seven Years
War (French and Indian War) due to disputes over
land is won by Great Britain. France gives England
all French territory east of the Mississippi River,
except New Orleans. The Spanish give up east and
west Florida to the English in return for Cuba.
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1775 |
1775 - 1783 - The American
Revolution creates the United States of America. The
Revolution was due to the British burden of taxes
and total power to legislate any laws governing the
American colonies
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1776 |
July 4, 1776 - United States
Declaration of Independence |
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1778 |
July 10, 1778 - France
declares war against Britain and makes an alliance
with the American revolutionary forces
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1783 |
September 3, 1783 - The Treaty
of Paris is signed by the victorious United States
and the defeated Great Britain
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1800's |
Conflict erupts between
settlers and Native Indians including the Iroquois,
Chippewa, Ottawa, and Potawatomi, Kickapoo,
Kaskaskia, Miami, Shawnee, Sauk and Fox tribes
throughout the 1800's
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1800 |
Congress creates the Indiana
Territory, which includes Illinois |
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1803 |
Kaskaskia Indians cede nearly
all of their lands |
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1812 |
1812 - 1815: The War of 1812
between U.S. and Great Britain, ended in a stalemate
but confirmed America's Independence
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1812 |
Potawatomi Indians massacre at
Fort Dearborn |
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1818 |
Statehood - The Date that
Illinois was admitted to the Union - December 3,
1818. Constitution - Illinois was the 21st State to
be admitted to the Union. State Motto - " State
Sovereignty, National Union "
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1819 |
Kickapoo Indians cede their
lands |
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1829 |
Chippewa, Ottawa, and
Potawatomi cede lands |
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1839 |
Cherokee Indians pass through
Illinois on the "Trail of Tears" to Oklahoma |
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1861 |
1861 - 1865: The American
Civil War. In 1859 John Brown raided Harpers Ferry
and set in motion events that led directly to the
outbreak of the Civil War. Abraham Lincoln, a known
opponent of slavery, was elected president and in
1861 the South Secedes. The initial Secession of
South Carolina was followed by the secession of
Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana,
Texas, Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, and North
Carolina. These eleven states eventually formed the
Confederate States of America. The bombardment of
Fort Sumter was the opening engagement of the
American Civil War.
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1865 |
The surrender of Robert E. Lee
on April 9 1865 signalled the end of the Confederacy |
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1865 |
1865 December 6 - The
Abolishment of Slavery. The Thirteenth Amendment to
the U.S. Constitution is ratified, thus officially
abolishing slavery
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1898 |
1898-1901 The Spanish American
War. On December 10, 1898 the Treaty of Paris the US
annexes Puerto Rico, Guam, Philippines.
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