|
|
|
Short Biography of Anne Frank
Date of Birth: Born on June 12, 1929
Place of Birth : Frankfurt am Main
Parents: Father - Otto Frank
Mother:
Edith Holländer
|
|
1929 |
The Anne Frank timeline starts on
June 12, 1929 when Annelies Marie "Anne" Frank
is born in Frankfurt am Main, Germany to Otto
Frank and Edith Holländer. Margot Frank (1926–1945)
was older her sister
|
|
1933 |
January 30: Adolf Hitler
becomes Chancellor of Germany and the first
anti-Jewish laws are established
March 12: The First Concentration Camp opened at
Oranienburg outside Berlin.
April : Nazi Boycott of Jewish owned shops.
June: Nazis open Dachau concentration camp
Otto and Edith Frank realise
that they need to leave Germany and make plans to go
to Holland. Edith and the children first go to to
Aachen, Germany where they stay with Edith's mother,
Rosa Holländer
Otto and Edith Frank
receives an offer to work in Amsterdam
|
|
1934 |
January: Otto Frank begins
working at the Opekta Worksand finds an apartment on
the Merwedeplein (Merwede Square) in Amsterdam
February: Edith, Margot and
Anne leave Germany and join Otto in Amsterdam
February: Anne Frank enrols
in a Montessori school in Amsterdam.
August 19: Adolf Hitler becomes Fuhrer of Germany.
|
|
1935 |
September 15: Germany
passes the Nuremburg Race Laws that deprive German
Jews of their citizenship, their businesses, and
their right to education
|
|
1936 |
March 7: German troops occupy
the Rhineland
|
|
1938 |
July: The United States and 32
other countries meet to discuss the growing Jewish
refugee crisis but no country offers to take in
Jewish refugees
November 9/10: Kristallnacht- The Night of Broken
Glass when German citizens loot and burn 7000 Jewish
businesses, homes, and synagogues. 30,000 Jews are
arrested and sent to concentration camps
Otto Frank starts a second
company in partnership with Hermann van Pels, a
Jewish butcher, who had also fled from Germany with
his family
|
|
1939 |
September 1: Germany
invades Poland
September 3: Britain, France, Austria and New
Zealand declare War on Germany starting World War II
Edith Frank's mother, Rosa
Holländer, came to live with the Franks
|
|
1940 |
May 10: The Germans
invade and occupy the Netherlands
The Germans ordered that
Jewish children could attend only Jewish schools so
Anne Frank and her sister were enrolled at the
Jewish Lyceum
|
|
1941 |
January 8: Dutch Jews are
forbidden access to movie theaters or use public
transport preventing Anne Frank from enjoying her
favorite pastime
April 1941: All Dutch Jews are forced to wear yellow
stars.
December: The Japanese attack Pearl Harbour and war
is declared on the US.
|
|
1942 |
January: Edith's mother, Rosa
Holländer dies June
12: Anne receives an autograph book from her father
for her birthday and Anne Frank decides to use it as
a diary
July 5: Anne's older sister is ordered to report for
relocation to a labor camp
July 6: The Frank family go
into hiding in Amsterdam because of Margot's
deportation order. Otto Frank leaves a note hinting
that the family were going to Switzerland and they
behave as if they are going on a journey. The Diary
of Anne Frank records that she has to leave behind
her cat called Moortje. The Frank family move into
rooms above and behind the company's premises in a
street along one of Amsterdam's canals. Some trusted
employees of Otto Frank offer to help them. The
Dutch word for the rear part of a house, used in the
Diary of Anne Frank, translates as the "Secret
Annex" in English.
July 13: Hermann van Pels (also known as Van Daan),
the partner of Otto Frank, together with Auguste and
16-year-old Peter van Pels, join the Frank family in
the 'secret annex'.
November 16: Fritz Pfeffer, a dentist and friend of
the family, joins the annex.
|
|
1943 |
February: The Germans
surrender in the battle of Stalingrad and Germany
starts retreating.
|
|
1944 |
August 1: The final entry is
made in the diary of Anne Frank
August 4: The 'secret annex' was stormed by the
German Security Police following a tip-off
from an informer who was never identified. All of
the residents of the annex are arrested and taken to
the Gestapo headquarters where they were
interrogated and held overnight.
August 5: They were
all sent to an overcrowded prison on the
Weteringschans where they stayed for two nights
August 7: They were then
sent to Westerbork transit camp and assigned to the
Punishment Barracks for hard labor as they were
considered to be criminals as they were found in
hiding
September 3: They are all sent in a cattle car to
Auschwitz. Once there, the men are separated from
the women.
October 28: Anne and Margot are transported to
Bergen-Belsen concentration camp.
|
|
1945 |
January 6: Anne's mother,
Edith Frank dies of starvation at Auschwitz
January 27: The Russian Allies liberate the
remaining survivors in Auschwitz, including Otto
Frank.
March : Margot Frank diee of typhus in Bergen-Belson
March 1945: Anne Frank dies of
typhus in Bergen-Belson
June 3: Otto Frank returns to Amsterdam, not knowing
whether his family are still alive
October 24: Otto Frank receives word that Anne and
Margot died at Bergen-Belsen. His loyal friend Miep
gives him the diary written by Anne Frank that she
found in the annex after the family was arrested.
Jan 6, 1945 - Edith Frank
dies of starvation in Auschwitz.
Jan 7, 1945 - Auschwitz is
liberated. Otto Frank is the only survivor from the
annex.
March 1945 - Margot dies of
typhus in Bergen-Belsen.
April 1945 - Anne dies of
typhus in Bergen-Belsen. The camp was liberated by
British troops on April 15
April 30: Hitler commits
suicide with his wife of two days, Eva Braun, their
bodies are believed to have been cremated.
May 8: Germany
surrenders to end World War II in Europe
|
|
1947 |
Anne's diary, Anne Frank:
Diary of a Young Girl is published in Amsterdam. |
|
1952 |
June 16: The diary of Anne
Frank is published in the United States
|
|
1957 |
May 3: Otto Frank and others
establish the Anne Frank Foundation
|
|
1959 |
Otto Frank sues former Hitler
youth member called Lothar Stielau, who publishes a
school paper stating Anne's diary is a forgery
|
|
1960 |
May 3: The Anne Frank House is
opened in Amsterdam
The court declares the The diary of Anne Frank to be
genuine and Lothar Stielau retracts his statements
|
|
1963 |
Otto Frank establish a
charitable foundation in Basel, Switzerland called
Anne Frank Fonds
|
|
1976 |
Otto Frank sues Heinz Roth of
Frankfurt for publishing pamphlets stating that
Anne's diary was a forgery. The judge rules that
Roth will be fined and sentenced to six months' in
jail if he does not cease and desist
|
|
1986 |
The Netherlands Institute for
War Documentation commissions a forensic analysis of
the diary which reveals that the diary is authentic
and that the ink used was available during the time
the diary was written
|
|
1990 |
March 23: The Hamburg Regional
Court confirms the diary's authenticity. |
