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Ancient Greece Timeline |
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1054 |
The Great Schism of 1054:
Terminal crisis between the Greek speaking Eastern
of the Byzantine empire and the Latin speaking
Western empires within the Christian Church reached
a terminal crisis and led to the development of the
modern Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches
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1071 |
Byzantine army is destroyed by
Turks
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1095 |
Emperor Alexius I sent an
embassy to Pope Urban II regarding the atrocities in
Jerusalem and the growing threat of the Turks to
Constantinople and the whole of Europe. Peter the
Hermit lead ordinary people in the 'People's
Crusade' - most were unarmed
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1096 |
August: Emperor Alexius I
shipped the Peoples Crusade over the Bosphorus
October: The Peoples Crusade were annihilated by the
Turks in Anatolia
Armed forces gathered at Constantinople to embark on
the First Crusade
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1097 |
May – June: Siege of Nicacea
July: Battle of Dorylaeum
Oct 1097 - June 1098: The Siege of Antioch
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1099 |
First Crusade . Jerusalem is
re-taken from the Muslims on the urging of Pope
Urban II. The start of antagonisms between Greeks
and Crusaders
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1118 |
The Knights Templar founded to
protect Jerusalem and European pilgrims on their
journey to the city
1118 to 1143 Reign of John II Comnenus
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1143 |
1143 to 1183: Reign of Manuel
I Comnenus |
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1147 |
Second Crusade led by Holy
Roman Emperor Conrad III and by King Louis VII of
France |
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1183 |
1183 to 1185 Reign of
Andronicus I Comnenus |
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1185 |
1185 to 1195 Reign of Isaac II
Angelus
The Normans take Thessaloniki
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1190 |
Third Crusade 3rd Crusade led
by Richard the Lionheart of England, Philip II of
France, and Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I. Saladin manages
to unite the Muslim world and recapture Jerusalem,
sparking the fourth Crusade
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1191 |
Cyprus taken from Byzantines
by English King Richard I
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1195 |
1195 to 1203 Reign of Alexius
III
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1198 |
King Richard of England sells
Cyprus to Frankish crusaders
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1200 |
Fourth Crusade and the
French/Flemish advanced on Constantinople but the
Christians fail to recapture Jerusalem
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1207 |
Marco Sandolo founded the
Duchy of Naxos |
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1212 |
The Children's Crusade led by
a French peasant boy, Stephen of Cloyes |
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1217 |
1217 to 1219: Reign of Empress
Yolande of Constantinople |
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1219 |
1219 to 1228 Reign of Robert
of Constantinople |
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1222 |
1222 to 1254 Reign of John III
Ducas Vatatzes in Nikaia |
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1212 |
The Children's Crusade led by
a French peasant boy, Stephen of Cloyes |
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1246 |
The Empire of Thessalonika
falls |
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1261 |
Reconquest of Constantinople
by Michael VIII Palaiologos |
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1270 |
Other minor crusades follow but the armies still fail to capture
Jerusalem
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1348 |
The Black Death ravages Europe
for the first of many times. An estimated one third
of the population is thought to have perished within
the first year
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1387 |
The Ionian Islands come under
Venetian rule |
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1453 |
Byzantium / Constantinople
falls to the Ottoman Turks |
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1538 |
Crete IS attacked by the
pirate Khair-ed-din Barbarossa |
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1566 |
the fall of Chios and the
Ottoman Turks take control of all the east Aegean
islands |
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1626 |
A famine on the island of
Crete reduces the population by a over one fifth |
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1797 |
The Ionian Islands are
conquered by France |
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1821 |
Greek revolution and
declaration of national independence |
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1832 |
The 17 year old Bavarian
prince, Otto, is crowned King of Greece |
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1864 |
Ionian Islands become part of
independent Greece |
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1878 |
British rule of Cyprus |
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1912 |
King Constantine leads the
Greek army against the Turks in Macedonia to victory |
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1912 |
1912 - 13: The the Balkan Wars
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1913 |
Crete and the Northeastern
Aegean Islands become part of independent Greece |
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1914 |
28 June - Archduke Franz
Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary and his wife were
assassinated in Sarajevo, Bosnia-Herzegovina
provoking WW1 1914
-1918 World War I
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1923 |
Exchange of Greek and Turkish
populations (the Greco-Turkish population exchange) |
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1939 |
1939-45 - World War II |
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1945 |
August 1945 The United States
dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki |