| | Ancient Rome Timeline |
| 485 | Italy was invaded by Attila the Hun. Pope Leo I dissuaded Attila from sacking Rome |
| 568 | The Lombards, a Germanic tribe, invade Italy which is divided into three regions ruled by the Lombards, the Eastern Roman Empire and the Papal States
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| 553 | The old Roman Empire was reunited by Justinian, the Byzantine emperor |
| 572 | The Byzantine rule collapses after an attack by the Lombards |
| 756 | Pepin the Short, a Frankish King conquers the Lombards for the popes |
| 756 | The Papal States were established in central Italy |
| 774 | The Lombards defeated by Charlemagne |
| 800 | Charlemagne crowned Roman emperor |
| 962 | Otto the Great, the king of Germany, was crowned emperor establishing the Holy Roman Empire |
| | 1000s - 1400's Independent city-states are established |
| 1519 | Charles I of Spain became Emperor Charles V of the Holy Roman Empire |
| | 1700s Spanish rule passed to Austrian rule |
| 1789 | The French Revolution |
| 1804 | Napoleon declared himself the emperor of Italy |
| 1814 | Napoleon abdicated his throne and Italy was broken up into small kingdoms |
| | 1820s-1850s Small revolutions in the kingdoms - Venice, Rome and Tuscany declare themselves Republics
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| 1849 | Austria regains control of most of Italy |
| 1860 | Northern Italy was joined to the Kingdom of Sardinia |
| 1861 | The Kingdom of Italy was formed under the leadership of Giuseppe Garibaldi Victor Emmanuel II crowned king
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| 1911 | Italy defeats the Ottoman Empire |
| 1914 | World War I |
| 1915 | Italy joins the war on the side of the Allies |
| 1918 | The Allies win World War I |
| 1922 | 28 October: The Fascists named Benito Mussolini the Prime Minister of Italy |
| 1925 | Benito Mussolini becomes the dictator of Italy |
| 1936 | Mussolini and Hitler sign an agreement known as the Roman-Berlin Axis |
| 1939 | Italy conquers Albania and Mussolini sides with Hitler and Fascist Germany |
| 1943 | 8 September: Italy surrenders to the Allies in WW II
13 October: Italy declares war on Germany
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| 1945 | Mussolini was shot
August 1945 The United States dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki marking the end of WW11
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| 1946 | 10 June: Italy abolishes the monarchy and establishes a republic |
